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| 4.1cm (1.6-inch) lcd panel (with microlens) description the LCX021AM is a 4.1cm diagonal active matrix tft-lcd panel addressed by polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors with built-in peripheral driving circuit. this panel allows full-color representation without color filters through the use of a microlens. the striped arrangement suitable for data projectors is capable of displaying fine text and vertical lines. the adoption of an advanced on-chip black matrix realizes high picture quality by incorporating a high luminance screen, cross-talk free and ghost free circuits. this panel has a polysilicon tft high-speed scanner and built-in function to display images up/down and/or right/left inverse. the built-in 5v interface circuit leads to lower voltage of timing and control signals. the panel contains an active area variable circuit which supports svga 4:3/pc98 * 1 8:5 data signals by changing the active area according to the type of input signal. * 1 "pc98" is a trademark of nec corporation. features the number of active dots: 1,456,000 (1.6-inch; 4.1cm in diagonal) supports svga (804 3 604) and pc98 * 1 (804 3 500) effective aperture ratio: 70% (reference value) built-in cross talk free and ghost free circuits high contrast ratio with normally white mode: 150 (typ.) built-in h and v drivers (built-in input level conversion circuit, 5v driving possible) up/down and/or right/left inverse display function element structure dots: 804 3 (h) 604 (v) = 1,456,848 built-in peripheral driver using polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors applications liquid crystal data projectors liquid crystal projectors liquid crystal rear projection tv, etc. ?1 e98501a94-ps sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. this information does not convey any licens e by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustr ating the operation of the devices. sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits. LCX021AM
? 2 LCX021AM h s h i f t r e g i s t e r ( b i d i r e c t i o n a l s c a n n i n g ) u p / d o w n a n d / o r r i g h t / l e f t i n v e r s i o n c o n t r o l c i r c u i t v s h i f t r e g i s t e r ( b i d i r e c t i o n a l s c a n n i n g ) c o m p a d v s h i f t r e g i s t e r ( b i d i r e c t i o n a l s c a n n i n g ) c o m s i g b 6 s i g b 5 s i g b 4 s i g b 3 s i g b 2 s i g b 1 t e s t v s s v v d d m o d e p c g v s t v c k e n b b l k h c k 2 h c k 1 h s t d w n r g t p s i g r b l a c k f r a m e c o n t r o l c i r c u i t b l a c k f r a m e c o n t r o l c i r c u i t i n p u t s i g n a l l e v e l s h i f t e r c i r c u i t p r e c h a r g e c o n t r o l c i r c u i t 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 4 3 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 3 0 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 8 s i g g 6 s i g g 5 s i g g 4 s i g g 3 s i g g 2 s i g g 1 s i g r 6 s i g r 5 s i g r 4 s i g r 3 s i g r 2 s i g r 1 p s i g b p s i g g 5 3 1 2 4 3 7 2 9 h v d d 2 3 3 9 block diagram ? 3 LCX021AM absolute maximum ratings (v ss = 0v) h driver supply voltage hv dd ?.0 to +20 v v driver supply voltage vv dd ?.0 to +20 v common pad voltage com ?.0 to +17 v h shift register input pin voltage hst, hck1, hck2, ?.0 to +17 v rgt v shift register input pin voltage vst, vck, pcg, ?.0 to +17 v blk, enb, dwn, mode video signal input pin voltage sigb1, sigb2, sigb3, sigb4, ?.0 to +15 v sigb5, sigb6, sigg1, sigg2, sigg3, sigg4, sigg5, sigg6, sigr1, sigr2, sigr3, sigr4, sigr5, sigr6, psigb, psigg, psigr operating temperature topr ?0 to +70 c storage temperature tstg ?0 to +85 c operating conditions (v ss = 0v) supply voltage hv dd 15.5 0.5v vv dd 15.5 0.5v input pulse voltage (vp-p of all input pins except video signal and uniformity improvement signal input pins) vin 5.0 0.5v ? 4 LCX021AM pin no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 nc nc psigb psigg psigr sigb1 sigb2 sigb3 sigb4 sigb5 sigb6 sigg1 sigg2 sigg3 sigg4 sigg5 sigg6 sigr1 sigr2 sigr3 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 sigr4 sigr5 sigr6 hv dd rgt hst hck1 hck2 v ss blk enb vck vst dwn pcg mode vv dd test com nc video signal r4 to panel video signal r5 to panel video signal r6 to panel power supply for h driver drive direction pulse for v shift register (h: normal, l: reverse) start pulse for h shift register drive clock pulse 1 for h shift register drive clock pulse 2 for h shift register drive gnd (h, v drivers) black frame display pulse enable pulse for gate selection clock pulse for v shift register drive start pulse for v shift register drive drive direction pulse for v shift register (h: normal, l: reverse) improvement pulse for uniformity display area switching (h: svga, l: pc98) power supply for v driver test; open common voltage of panel leave this pin open. symbol description pin no. symbol description leave this pin open. leave this pin open. blue uniformity improvement signal green uniformity improvement signal red uniformity improvement signal video signal b1 to panel video signal b2 to panel video signal b3 to panel video signal b4 to panel video signal b5 to panel video signal b6 to panel video signal g1 to panel video signal g2 to panel video signal g3 to panel video signal g4 to panel video signal g5 to panel video signal g6 to panel video signal r1 to panel video signal r2 to panel video signal r3 to panel pin description note) rgb video signals of pins 6 to 23 is an example. the order of rgb can be changed. ? 5 LCX021AM input equivalent circuit to prevent static charges, protective diodes are provided for each pin except the power supplies. in addition, protective resistors are added to all pins except video signal inputs. all pins are connected to v ss with a high resistor of 1m (typ.). the equivalent circuit of each input pin is shown below: (the resistor value: typ.) i n p u t l c l e v e l c o n v e r s i o n c i r c u i t ( s i n g l e - p h a s e i n p u t ) 2 . 5 k w 2 . 5 k w v v d d i n p u t l e v e l c o n v e r s i o n c i r c u i t ( s i n g l e - p h a s e i n p u t ) 2 5 0 w 2 5 0 w h v d d i n p u t l e v e l c o n v e r s i o n c i r c u i t ( s i n g l e - p h a s e i n p u t ) 2 . 5 k w 2 . 5 k w h v d d i n p u t h v d d 2 5 0 w 2 5 0 w 2 5 0 w 2 5 0 w l e v e l c o n v e r s i o n c i r c u i t ( 2 - p h a s e i n p u t ) i n p u t h v d d s i g n a l l i n e ( 1 ) s i g b 1 , s i g b 2 , s i g b 3 , s i g b 4 , s i g b 5 , s i g b 6 , s i g g 1 , s i g g 2 , s i g g 3 , s i g g 4 , s i g g 5 , s i g g 6 , s i g r 1 , s i g r 2 , s i g r 3 , s i g r 4 , s i g r 5 , s i g r 6 , p s i g b , p s i g g , p s i g r ( 2 ) h c k 1 , h c k 2 ( 3 ) r g t ( 4 ) h s t ( 5 ) p c g , v c k ( 6 ) v s t , b l k , e n b , d w n , m o d e ( 7 ) c o m 1 m w i n p u t 1 m w 1 m w 1 m w l e v e l c o n v e r s i o n c i r c u i t ( s i n g l e - p h a s e i n p u t ) 2 5 0 w 2 5 0 w v v d d i n p u t 1 m w 1 m w 1 m w v v d d 1 m w ? 6 LCX021AM input signals 1. input signal voltage conditions (vss = 0v) item h shift register input voltage hst, hck1, hck2, rgt (low) (high) (low) (high) vhil vhih vvc vsig vcom vpsig ?.5 4.5 6.8 vvc ?4.5 vvc ?0.5 vvc 4.3 0.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 vvc ?0.4 vvc 4.5 0.4 5.5 7.2 vvc + 4.5 vvc ?0.3 vvc 4.7 v v v v v v v shift register input voltage mode, blk, vst, vck, pcg, enb, dwn video signal center voltage video signal input range * 1 common voltage of panel * 2 uniformity improvement signal input voltage (psigb, psigg, psigr) * 3 symbol min. typ. max. unit * 1 video input signal shall be symmetrical to vvc. * 2 the typical value of the common pad voltage may lower its suitable voltage according to the set construction to use. in this case, use the voltage of which has maximum contrast as typical value. when the typical value is lowered, the maximum and minimum values may lower. * 3 input a uniformity improvement signals psigb, psigg and psigr in the same polarity with video signals sigb1 to 6, sigg1 to 6 and sigr1 to 6 and which is symmetrical to vvc. also, the rising and falling of psigb, psigg and psigr are synchronized with the rising of pcg pulse, and the rise time trpsig and fall time tfpsig are suppressed within 800ns (as shown in a diagram below). psigb, psigg and psigr may change its suitable input voltage according to the drive conditions. uniformity improvement signals psigb, psigg and psigr input waveform level conversion circuit the LCX021AM has a built-in level conversion circuit in the clock input unit on the panel. the input signal level increases to hv dd or vv dd . the v cc of external ics are applicable to 5 0.5v. t r p s i g t f p s i g v v c p s i g b , g , r p c g 9 0 % 1 0 % vvil vvih ?.5 4.5 0.0 5.0 0.4 5.5 v v ? 7 LCX021AM 2. clock timing conditions (ta = 25 c) (svga mode: fhckn = 4.0mhz, fvck = 24.0khz) * 4 hckn means hck1 and hck2. hst rise time hst fall time hst data set-up time hst data hold time hckn rise time * 4 hckn fall time * 4 hck1 fall to hck2 rise time hck1 rise to hck2 fall time vst rise time vst fall time vst data set-up time vst data hold time vck rise time vck fall time enb rise time enb fall time vck rise/fall to enb rise time horizontal video period completed to enb fall time enb fall to pcg rise time pcg rise time pcg fall time pcg rise to vck rise/fall time pcg pulse width blk rise time blk fall time blk fall to vst rise time blk pulse width trhst tfhst tdhst thhst trhckn tfhckn to1hck to2hck trvst tfvst tdvst thvst trvck tfvck trenb tfenb toenb tdenb topcg trpcg tfpcg tovck twpcg trblk tfblk tovst twblk 50 50 ?5 ?5 5 5 400 900 630 0 1100 1 1 60 60 0 0 10 10 500 1000 700 1000 1200 30 30 70 70 30 30 15 15 100 100 15 15 100 100 100 100 30 30 1100 1300 100 100 2 ns s ns item symbol min. typ. max. unit hst hck vst vck enb pcg blk line * 5 definitions: the right-pointing arrow ( ) means +. the left-pointing arrow ( ) means ? the black dot at an arrow ( ) indicates the start of measurement. ? 8 LCX021AM 9 0 % 1 0 % 1 0 % 9 0 % h s t t r h s t t f h s t 5 0 % 5 0 % * 5 h s t h c k 1 t d h s t t h h s t 5 0 % 5 0 % * 3 h c k n 1 0 % 1 0 % 9 0 % 9 0 % t r h c k n t f h c k n 5 0 % 5 0 % * 5 h c k 1 t o 2 h c k t o 1 h c k 5 0 % 5 0 % h c k 2 ? 9 LCX021AM v c k 1 0 % 1 0 % 9 0 % 9 0 % t r v c k n t f v c k n 9 0 % 9 0 % 1 0 % 1 0 % t f e n t r e n e n b * 5 e n b 5 0 % 5 0 % 5 0 % t o p c g t d e n b v c k p c g h o r i z o n t a l v i d e o p e r i o d h o r i z o n t a l b l a n k i n g p e r i o d t o e n b p c g 5 0 % 5 0 % 5 0 % t w p c g t o v c k v c k * 5 b l k 5 0 % 5 0 % t o v s t v s t * 5 5 0 % t w b l k 9 0 % 1 0 % 1 0 % 9 0 % v s t t r v s t t f v s t 5 0 % 5 0 % * 5 v s t v c k t d v s t t h v s t 5 0 % 5 0 % ? 10 LCX021AM electrical characteristics (ta = 25 c, hv dd = 15.5v, vv dd = 15.5v) 1. horizontal drivers item input pin capacitance hckn hst input pin current hck1 hck2 hst rgt video signal input pin capacitance current consumption chckn chst csig ih hck1 = gnd hck2 = gnd hst = gnd rgt = gnd hckn: hck1, hck2 (4.0mhz) ?00 ?000 ?00 ?50 12 12 ?50 ?00 ?50 ?0 120 15.0 17 17 170 20.0 pf pf a a a a pf ma symbol min. typ. max. unit conditions 2. vertical drivers item input pin capacitance vck vst input pin current vck pcg, vst, enb, dwn, blk, mode current consumption cvck cvst iv ?000 ?50 12 12 ?50 ?0 3.0 17 17 6.0 pf pf a a ma symbol min. typ. max. unit conditions 3. total power consumption of the panel item total power consumption of the panel (svga) pwr 250 400 mw symbol min. typ. max. unit 4. pin input resistance item pin ?v ss input resistance rpin 0.4 1 m symbol min. typ. max. unit vck = gnd pcg, vst, enb, dwn, blk, mode = gnd vck: (24.0khz) 5. uniformity improvement signal item input pin capacitance for uniformity improvement signal cpsigo 10 nf symbol min. typ. max. unit 15 ? 11 LCX021AM reflection preventive processing when a phase substrate which rotates the polarization axis is used to adjust to the polarization direction of a polarization screen or prism, use a phase substrate with reflection preventive processing on the surface. this prevents characteristic deterioration caused by luminous reflection. electro-optical characteristics (svga mode) item contrast ratio 25 c 25 c 25 c 60 c 25 c 60 c 25 c 60 c 0 c 25 c 0 c 25 c 60 c 25 c 25 c cr teff rv 90-25 gv 90-25 bv 90-25 rv 90-60 gv 90-60 bv 90-60 rv 50-25 gv 50-25 bv 50-25 rv 50-60 gv 50-60 bv 50-60 rv 10-25 gv 10-25 bv 10-25 rv 10-60 gv 10-60 bv 10-60 ton0 ton25 toff0 toff25 f yt60 ctk 100 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 150 70 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.7 30 12 100 30 ?5 2.0 2.2 2.3 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.0 80 40 200 70 ?0 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 % v ms db s % effective apeature ratio v-t characteristics v 90 v 50 on time off time v 10 response time flicker image retention time cross talk symbol measurement method min. typ. max. unit 1. contrast ratio contrast ratio (cr) is given by the following formula (1). cr = l (white) ... (1) l (black) l (white): surface luminance of the tft-lcd panel at the input signal amplitude v ac = 0.5v l (black): surface luminance of the panel at v ac = 4.5v both luminosities are measured by system i . ? 12 LCX021AM ? 13 LCX021AM i n p u t s i g n a l v o l t a g e ( w a v e f o r m a p p l i e d t o t h e m e a s u r e d p i x e l s ) 4 . 5 v 0 . 5 v 7 . 0 v 0 v o p t i c a l t r a n s m i t t a n c e o u t p u t w a v e f o r m 1 0 0 % 9 0 % 1 0 % 0 % t o n t 1 t o n t o f f t 2 t o f f 9 0 5 0 1 0 v 9 0 v 5 0 v 1 0 v a c s i g n a l a m p l i t u d e [ v ] t r a n s m i t t a n c e [ % ] c e n t e r r i g h t l e f t p a d o p t i m u m a n g l e o f i n c i d e n c e 6 . 0 0 . 5 o p t i m u m a n g l e o f i n c i d e n c e 6 . 0 0 . 5 2. effective aperture ratio measure the luminances below on the screen in system i , and calculate the effective aperture ratio using the following formula (2). luminance for panel with microlens (tft aperture ratio) 100 [%] ... (2) luminance for panel without microlens 3. v-t characteristics v-t characteristics, or the relationship between signal amplitude and the transmittance of the panels, are measured by system ii by inputting the same signal amplitude v ac to each input pin. v 90 , v 50 , and v 10 correspond to the voltages which define 90%, 50%, and 10% of transmittance respectively. the angles of incidence for r, g and b are as shown in the diagram below. red: center: vertical green: left: 6.0 0.5 blue: right: 6.0 0.5 4. response time response time ton and toff are defined by formulas (3) and (4) respectively. ton = t1 ?ton ...(3) toff = t2 ?toff ...(4) t1: time which gives 10% transmittance of the panel. t2: time which gives 90% transmittance of the panel. the relationships between t1, t2, ton and toff are shown in the right figure. ? 14 LCX021AM b l a c k l e v e l w h i t e l e v e l v s i g w a v e f o r m 7 . 0 v 0 v 4 . 5 v 2 . 0 v 4 . 5 v 2 . 0 v 5. flicker flicker (f) is given by the formula (5). dc and ac (svga:30hz, rms) components of the panel output signal for gray raster * mode are measured by a dc voltmeter and a spectrum analyzer in system ii . f [db] = 20log { ac component } ...(5) dc component 6. image retention time apply the monoscope signal to the lcd panel for 60 minutes and then change this signal to the gray scale of vsig = 7.0 v ac (v ac : 3 to 4v). judging by sight at the v ac that holds the maximum image retention, measure the time till the residual image becomes indistinct. * monoscope signal conditions: vsig = 7.0 4.5 or 2.0 [v] (shown in the right figure) vcom = 6.6v 7. cross talk cross talk is determined by the luminance differences between adjacent areas represented by wi' and wi (i = 1 to 4) around a black window (vsig = 4.5v/1v). cross talk value ctk = 100 [%] * each input signal voltage for gray raster mode is given by vsig = 7.0 v 50 [v] where: v 50 is the signal amplitude which gives 50% of transmittance in v-t characteristics. wi' ?wi wi w 1 w 1 ' w 3 w 3 ' w 2 w 2 ' w 4 ' w 4 ? 15 LCX021AM viewing angle characteristics (typical value) 9 0 2 7 0 1 8 0 0 t h e t a p h i 3 0 7 0 q f f 1 8 0 x f 2 7 0 y f 0 f 9 0 z q 0 m a r k i n g m e a s u r e m e n t m e t h o d 5 0 1 0 ? 16 LCX021AM 1. dot arrangement the dots are arranged in a stripe. the shaded area is used for the dark border around the display. 1 8 d o t s 2 4 4 8 d o t s 1 8 d o t s 2 4 1 2 d o t s ( e f f e c t i v e 3 2 . 5 6 m m ) 6 0 6 d o t s 1 d o t 1 d o t 6 0 4 d o t s ( e f f e c t i v e 2 4 . 4 6 m m ) g a t e s w g a t e s w b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 b 5 r 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 r 4 g 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 6 g a t e s w g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 g 1 b 1 r 1 b 2 g 2 r 2 b 3 g 3 b 4 r 3 g 4 r 6 r 4 b 5 g 5 r 5 b 6 g 6 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 g 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 b 4 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 r 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 g 3 b 3 b 3 b 3 b 3 r 3 b 3 b 3 b 3 b 3 b 3 r 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 b 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 b 2 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 r 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 g 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 b 1 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 g 2 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 b 6 g 6 r 6 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 r 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 g 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 b 5 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 r 4 a c t i v e a r e a p h o t o - s h i e l d i n g a r e a note) this rgb pixel arrangement agree with the items mentioned in the pin description. this rgb arrangement can be changed according to input signals. ? 17 LCX021AM 2. lcd panel operations [description of basic operations] a vertical driver, which consists of vertical shift registers, enable-gates and buffers, applies a selected pulse to every 604 gate lines sequentially in a single horizontal scanning period (in svga mode). a horizontal driver, which consists of horizontal shift registers, gates and cmos sample-and-hold circuits, applies selected pulses to every 804 3 signal electrodes sequentially in a single horizontal scanning period. these pulses are used to supply the sampled video signal to the row signal lines. vertical and horizontal shift registers address one pixel, and then turn on thin film transistors (tfts; two tfts) to apply a video signal to the dot. the same procedures lead to the entire 604 804 3 dots to display a picture in a single vertical scanning period. the data and video signals shall be input with the 1h-inverted system. [description of operating mode] this lcd panel can change the active area by displaying a black frame to support various computer or video signals. the active area is switched by mode. however, the center of the screen is not changed. the active area setting modes are shown below. mode display mode h svga 804 3 604 pc98 804 3 500 l this lcd panel has the following functions to easily apply to various uses, as well as various broadcasting systems. right/left inverse mode up/down inverse mode these modes are controlled by two signals (rgt and dwn). the right/left and/or up/down setting modes are shown below: right/left and/or up/down mean the direction when the pin 1 marking is located at the right side with the pin block upside. to locate the active area in the center of the panel in each mode, polarity of the start pulse and clock phase for both the h and v systems must be varied. the phase relationship between the start pulse and the clock for each mode is shown on the following pages. rgt mode right scan left scan h l dwn mode down scan up scan h l ? 18 LCX021AM (2) horizontal direction display cycle (2.1) svga/pc98, rgt = h v d v s t ( d w n = h ) 1 2 v e r t i c a l d i s p l a y c y c l e 6 0 4 h v c k 3 4 6 0 1 6 0 2 6 0 3 6 0 4 v s t ( d w n = l ) (1) vertical direction display cycle (1.1) svga h s t h c k 1 h c k 2 h d 1 2 3 4 1 3 0 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 1 3 4 h o r i z o n t a l d i s p l a y c y c l e (2.2) svga/pc98, rgt = l h s t h c k 1 1 2 3 4 1 3 0 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 h c k 2 h d 1 3 4 h o r i z o n t a l d i s p l a y c y c l e (1.2) pc98 v s t ( d w n = h ) v s t ( d w n = l ) v e r t i c a l d i s p l a y c y c l e 5 0 0 h v d 1 2 v c k 3 4 4 9 7 4 9 8 4 9 9 5 0 0 ? 19 LCX021AM 3. 18-dot simultaneous sampling the horizontal shift register samples sigb1 to sigb6, sugg1 to sigg6 and sigr1 to sigr6 signals simultaneously. this requires phase matching between signals sigb1 to sigb6, sigg1 to sigg6 and sigr1 to sigr6 to prevent the horizontal resolution from deteriorating. thus phase matching between each signal is required using an external signal delaying circuit before applying the video signal to the lcd panel. the block diagram of the delaying procedure using simple-and-hold method is as follows. the following phase relationship diagram indicates the phase setting for right scan (rgt = high level). for left scan (rgt = low level), the phase settings for signals sigb1 to sigb6, sigg1 to sigg6 and sigr1 to sigr6 are exactly reversed. s / h c k 1 c k 2 l c x 0 2 1 a m c k 3 c k 4 c k 5 s / h s / h s / h s / h s / h c k 6 s / h s / h s / h s / h s / h s i g b 1 , s i g g 1 , s i g r 1 s i g b 2 , s i g g 2 , s i g r 2 s i g b 3 , s i g g 3 , s i g r 3 s i g b 4 , s i g g 4 , s i g r 4 s i g b 5 , s i g g 5 , s i g r 5 s i g b 6 , s i g g 6 , s i g r 6 s i g b 1 , s i g g 1 , s i g r 1 s i g b 2 , s i g g 2 , s i g r 2 s i g b 3 , s i g g 3 , s i g r 3 s i g b 4 , s i g g 4 , s i g r 4 s i g b 5 , s i g g 5 , s i g r 5 s i g b 6 , s i g g 6 , s i g r 6 h c k n c k 1 c k 3 c k 5 c k 2 c k 4 c k 6 ? 20 LCX021AM display system block diagram an example of display system is shown below. c x a 2 1 1 1 r c x a 2 1 1 2 r c x a 2 1 1 2 r c x a 2 1 1 2 r p l l c x d 2 4 6 4 r l c x 0 2 1 a m t i m i n g p u l s e f r p m c k h s y n c v s y n c r g b r g b ? 21 LCX021AM optical characteristics 1. microlens outline the LCX021AM has a single built-in microlens on the substrate side facing the tft for the three tft panel picture elements. this microlens serves the following purposes. (1) the microlens converges the incident light striking the lcd panel to the dot aperture in order to improve the effective aperture ratio and increase the display brightness. (2) the microlens provides a color representation by distributing the light flux for each of the three primary colors r, g and b which strike the panel at different angles to the dot apertures corresponding to each color. this allows the light utilization efficiency to be improved by eliminating the light absorption by the color filter, which had been unavoidable with conventional single panel projectors. 2. recommended lighting conditions in order to bring out the full light converging effects of the microlens and provide a color representation with high color purity, the following lighting is recommended. (1) the incident light angle of the three primary colors should be as shown in the figure below. the center light should strike the panel from the panel normal direction, and the left and right light from angles inclined to the right and left of the panel normal direction. the design optimal angle of incidence is the range of 6.0 0.5 . however, the optimal angle of incidence may be altered slightly depending on the panel. be sure to allow adjustment of the mutual angles of the dichroic mirrors so that the angle of incidence can be varied within the range of 6.0 0.5 . c e n t e r r i g h t l e f t p a d o p t i m u m a n g l e o f i n c i d e n c e 6 . 0 0 . 5 o p t i m u m a n g l e o f i n c i d e n c e 6 . 0 0 . 5 (2) effective light: the normal direction (center light), left light and right light noted above should strike the panel at an angle of 3.5 or less. light with a dispersion angle greater than this value will strike adjoining dot apertures and cause the color purity to worsen. (see the incident angle distribution for system i .) 3. recommended projection optical system the maximum egress light angle for light passing through the lcd is approximately 17 . therefore, setting the f stop of the projection lens to about 1.7 is recommended in order to maximize the light converging effects of the microlens and provide a representation with excellent color balance. if the projection lens f stop is larger than this value, the right and left light are kicked accordingly by the projection lens, thereby reducing the egress light flux to the screen and the same time shifting the white balance. ? 22 LCX021AM notes on operation (1) lighting spectrum and intensity use only visible light with a wavelength l = 415 to 780nm as a light source. light with a wavelength l > 780nm (infrared light) will produce unwanted temperature rises. light with a wavelength l < 415nm (ultraviolet light) will produce irreversible changes in the display characteristics. to prevent this, be sure to mount uv/ir cut filters between the LCX021AM and the light source as necessary depending on the light source. the lighting intensity should be 1 million lx or less, and the panel surface temperature should not exceed 55 c. (2) lighting optical system care should be taken for the following points concerning the optical system mounted on the LCX021AM. 1) light reflected from the optical system to the panel should be 20,000 lx or less. 2) particular care should be taken for the panel incident angle distribution when designing optical systems for use with the LCX021AM. 3) the panel surface temperature distribution should not exceed 10 c. 4) light should shine only on the effective display area within the lcd panel and not on other unnecessary locations. leakage light may produce unwanted temperature rises. ? 23 LCX021AM notes on handling (1) static charge prevention be sure to take the following protective measures. tft-lcd panels are easily damaged by static charges. a) use non-chargeable gloves, or simply use bare hands. b) use an earth-band when handling. c) do not touch any electrodes of a panel. d) wear non-chargeable clothes and conductive shoes. e) install conductive mats on the working floor and working table. f) keep panels away from any charged materials. g) use ionized air to discharge the panels. (2) protection from dust and dirt a) operate in a clean environment. b) when delivered, a surface of a panel (glass panel) is covered by a protective sheet. peel off the protective sheet carefully not to damage the glass panel. c) do not touch the surface of the glass panel. the surface is easily scratched. when cleaning, use a clean-room wiper with isopropyl alcohol. be careful not to leave a stain on the surface. d) use ionized air to blow off dust at the glass panel. (3) other handling precautions a) do not twist or bend the flexible pc board especially at the connecting region because the board is easily deformed. b) do not drop a panel. c) do not twist or bend a panel or panel frame. d) keep a panel away from heat source. e) do not dampen a panel with water or other solvents. f) avoid to store or to use a panel in a high temperature or in a high humidity, which may result in panel damages. g) minimum radius of bending curvature for a flexible substrate must be 1mm. h) torque required to tighten screws on a panel must be 3kg ?cm or less. i) use appropriate filter to protect a panel. j) do not pressure the portion other than mounting hole (cover). ? 24 LCX021AM package outline unit: mm ( 2 8 . 5 ) 3 . 0 0 . 2 5 . 1 0 . 2 9 . 2 0 . 2 1 3 . 2 3 0 . 2 5 ( 2 4 . 4 6 ) p 8 . 0 4 = 3 2 . 0 0 . 2 4 6 . 5 0 . 2 5 0 . 9 0 . 7 ( 3 2 . 5 6 ) 1 2 . 2 2 0 . 2 5 2 . 5 0 . 2 5 7 . 0 0 . 2 6 2 . 0 0 . 2 ( 5 . 1 ) f 2 . 5 h 9 8 - f 2 . 5 0 . 1 4 - r 1 . 0 2 . 5 h 9 3 . 0 a c t i v e a r e a e l e c t r o d e ( e n l a r g e d ) 0 . 5 0 . 1 5 4 . 0 0 . 4 p i n 4 0 p i n 1 t h i c k n e s s o f t h e c o n n e c t o r 0 . 3 0 . 0 5 t h e r o t a t i o n a n g l e o f t h e a c t i v e a r e a r e l a t i v e t o h a n d v i s 1 . i n c i d e n t l i g h t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 g l a s s p o l a r i z i n g f i l m w e i g h t 4 8 g d e s c r i p t i o n m o l d i n g m a t e r i a l o u t s i d e f r a m e r e i n f o r c i n g b o a r d r e i n f o r c i n g m a t e r i a l f p c n o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 3 p o l a r i z i n g a x i s ( 1 . 0 ) 9 . 7 0 . 4 5 . 5 0 . 2 5 1 . 0 0 . 2 p 0 . 5 3 9 = 1 9 . 5 0 . 1 0 . 5 0 . 1 0 . 3 5 + 0 . 0 4 0 . 0 3 |
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